Impembelelo ye-ejenti enganyangekiyo yamanzi kwiipropati zokugquma kunye nephepha eligqunyiweyo

Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini lephepha, ngakumbi iphepha eligqunywe liphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza, ishishini loshicilelo kwiimfuno zomgangatho wephepha eligqunyiweyo liya linyuka ngokunyuka. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wokushicilela, umphezulu wephepha eligqunyiweyo kufuneka ube namandla okumelana nokukhuhlana okumanzi. Ukuxhathisa ukuxhatshazwa okumanzi kubhekisela kwiqondo lomonakalo ebusweni bephepha emva kokuba indawo ethile yephepha kunye nekhadibhodi ifakwe kwi-friction emanzi phantsi koxinzelelo oluthile, olubonisa ukukwazi komphezulu wephepha ukuba ungatshatyalaliswa yi-friction emanzi.

Kwaye ngephepha eligqunywe ngamanzi elineemfuno ezizodwa, ukuze lilenze lifumane amandla okumelana namanzi kunye nokuchasana kwamanzi, kwinkqubo yokuvelisa iphepha, ukongeza kwinkqubo yokulinganisa kwi-arhente yokulinganisa kunye ne-ejenti yokulinganisa umphezulu, isiphumo esikhawulezayo kukongeza izongezo zokuxhathisa amanzi kwinkqubo yokulungiselela ukugquma, ukuze umaleko wokugquma ufumane ukusebenza kakuhle kokugxotha amanzi.

Kwangaxeshanye, ngokusekwe kwiingqwalasela zokhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, iimfuno zomgangatho wesizwe wephepha lokusonga ukutya kunye nephepha lendlu ziya ziba ngqongqo ngakumbi nangakumbi, kwaye ngoku ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwe-polyamide polyurea formaldehyde resin (PAPU) yokugxotha amanzi. I-PAPU isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kuba ayinayo i-formaldehyde yamahhala, kwaye iyakhawuleza, iyasebenza xa iphuma kumatshini, kwaye inokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukulungelelaniswa kwephepha elifakwe kwinkqubo yokushicilela.

I-PAPU inesicelo esinamandla kwixabiso le-pH, kwaye i-viscosity ye-PAPU eyongezwe kwipeyinti izinzile kwaye isantya sokunyanga sikhawuleza. PAPU chain molekyuli iqulathe iqela chloroethanol kunye neqela polyamine ezimbini ezisebenzayo amaqela asebenzayo, apho chloroethanol iqela kunye nepeyinti yokuncamathelisa ukuvelisa bond imichiza bonding, iqela polyamine kunye nepeyinti intlamathiso indibaniselwano ukwenza bond ionic, cross-linked ukunyanga ukwenza uthungelwano lokunyanga ifilimu, eyona mthombo iphambili PAPU ukuxhathisa agent, kodwa kwakhona njengomgaqo wokugquma umgaqo wokumelana namanzi.

Ekusetyenzisweni kwangempela, i-PAPU ayinakukwenza kuphela iibhondi zeekhemikhali kunye nesitashi esigqunyiweyo, kodwa kwakhona yenze iibhondi ze-ionic kunye ne-styrene butadiene latex, kwaye ukuxhathisa ukukhuhlana okumanzi kwengubo kuyanda. Ukongezelela, iimpawu ezibuthathaka ze-cationic ze-PAPU i-agent echasene namanzi inokuvelisa i-micro-flocculation kunye ne-anions kwi-coating, ukuphucula ukukhukhumeza, i-porosity kunye nokunyanzeliswa komgangatho wokugubungela, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kokushicilela kwephepha eligqityiweyo.

Ipropati ye-Rheological isalathisi esibalulekileyo sepeyinti, uhlobo lwe-PAPU lwe-agent enganyangekiyo yamanzi lunokunyusa i-viscosity yepeyinti, yongeza i-PAPU uhlobo lwe-agent echasene namanzi emva kokuba ixabiso lokulahlekelwa kwamanzi kwipeyinti liyancipha, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kungcono. Uhlobo lwe-PAPU lwe-agent echasene namanzi lufanelekile ukulungiswa kwepeyinti ye-viscosity ephezulu, kwaye ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwipeyinti kubhetele.